NEOLOGISMS

(in permanent enlargement)

The question of modern vocabulary traces a good problem: how can we say in Ancient Greek “Terrorist attempt with hand granades and machine-guns against a minister as his airplane Boeing 747 was landing”? The only factible solution for words that do not exist in Ancient Greek is to take them from Modern Greek (both from Kathareusa and Demotike) and to adapt them in form into Ancient, doing the necessary modifications for its framing into the declension or the conjugation that suits best. So, to create what is usually called a “neologism”.

Of course, we do not have to do it expeditiously, but we must observe the etymology of the modern word to decide how its classical form would have been, according to the various options we have; so we must try to keep ourselves inside the boundaries of Greek vocabulary, even though sometimes the adoption of some foreign words will be unavoidable. Think, for instance, that for present Latin texts the word “aeroplanum, -i”, a gallicism, has been adopted, and it is used with normality and general acceptance.

About the question of the way to deal with neologisms in this web site, from the three possibilities I offered in this section it seems that the favoured one was solution number 2, which was as follows:

"2-To include here, in this page, a kind of little dictionary which the reader could consult (or rather print, to avoid continuous page alternation on the screen). INCONVENIENCE: as I have said, this vocabulary will grow as AKWN advances, and the reader should print the new list every time I edit a new article. Moreover, as I use the image system to make Greek writing visible, I would not be able to make a mega-image which included such a big dictionary (and you would not be able to unload it); the only similar solution would be to write it with Latin types, for instance “podosphairistés = football player, podosphairos = football”, etc., but not to have Greek words written in Greek letters looks horrible; nevertheless, perhaps people would prefer this ugly but practical solution just to get out of the difficulty at the beginning."

So, this is what you are able to consult here. I offer it in both ways English-Greek and Greek-English. Of course, the transcription into Latin characters creates a good problem, because it is difficult to find a rule acepted by everybody. To make it the easiest way, I will follow these parameters:

a) I will not do any distinction between epsilon and eta and between omicron and omega.

b) Rough breathing will not be taken into account.

c) Subscript iota will be adscript.

d) "theta" = th, "chi" = ch, "zeta" = z, "phi" = f, "ypsilon" = u, "xi" = x.

About proper names of people and places, I will include just those whose translation could be unclear. Moreover, take into account that there is no agreement even in modern Greek (I have seen "Barcelona" written in four different ways on Greek newspapers).

Following the tradition, I will enter with capital letter gentilices, months, etc.

Please take into account that this will be just a "home-made list for quick consultation", not an official philological dictionary. Of course, you are free to make any suggestion you wish.

English-Greek list

advertisement = demosiótes, -etos f.
aerial = aeroporikós, -é, -ón
aircraft carrier = aeroskafofóron, -ou n.
airplane = aeroskáfos, -ous n.
    combat a. = machetikòn aeroskáfos
airport = aerolimén, -énos m.
alcoholism = oinopneumatíasis, -eos f.
ambassador (f.) = présbeira, -as f.
ambulance = asthenoúchema, -atos n.
antimissile = antipúraulos, -ou m.
April = Aprílios, -ou m.
article (in newspaper) =árthron, -ou n.
attempt = prosbolé, -ês f.
August = Aúgoustos, -ou m.
author = suggrafeús, -éos m./f.
believer = threskeuôn, -oûsa, -ón (partic.)
bomb = bómba, -es f.
bomb, to = bombardízo
bombardment = bombardismós, -oû m.
bullet = bolís, -ídos f.
bus = leoforeîon, -ou n.
businessman = epicheirematías, -ou m.
businesswoman = epicheirematíassa, -es f.
capital (city) = proteúousa, -es f.
car = autokíneton, -ou n.
castle = froúrion, -ou n.
cathedral = kathedrikòs naós, -oû m.
century = ekatontaetía, -as f.
championship = protáthlema, -atos n.
chemical = chemikós, -é, -ón
China = Sína, -es f.
Chinese = Sinikós, -é, -ón
cinema (adj.) = kinematograficós, é, ón
coach (sport) = proponetés, -oû m.
collector = sullektes, -ou m.
commando = sústasis, -eos f.
communication (concept) = koinopoíesis, -eos f.
communication (fact) = epikoinonía, -as f.
communism = kommounismós, -oû m.
communist (adject.) = kommounistikós, -é, -ón
communist (person) = kommounistés, -oû m.,     kommounistría, -as f.
computer (subst.) = upologistés, -oû m.
computer (adj.) = upologistikós, -é, -ón
concentration field = sugkentróseos stratópedon, -ou n.
contract = sumbólaion, -ou n.
coproprietor = sugkekteménos, -e, -on (partic.)
copy (of a book)= antítupon, -ou n.
counterattack, to = antiprosbállo
crusade = stauroforia, -as f.
crusader = stauroforos, -a, -on
cyanide = kuánion, -ou n.
December = Dekémbrios, -ou m.
democrat = demokrátes, -ou m., democrátissa, -es f.
demonstrate, to = diadelóo
demonstration = diadélosis, -eos f.
demonstrator = diadelótes, -ou m., diadelotría, -as f.
detained = kratoúmenos, -e, -on (partic.)
diplomacy = diplomatía, -as f.
diplomat = diplomátes, -ou m., diplomatíssa, -es f.
diplomatic = diplomatikós, -é, -ón
director (cinema) = skenothétes, -ou m.
disc = dískos, -ou m.
    compact d. = sumpagès dískos
doctor (Ph.D.) = didáktor, -oros m./f.
draw (sport), to = isofarízo
elector = eklogeús, -éos m., eklogeîssa, -es f.
electric = elektrikós, -é, -ón
electricity = elektrismós, -oû m.
embryon = embruon, onos m.
enterprise = epicheíresis, -eos f.
epicentre = epikéntron, -ou n.
European Union (EU) = Europaía Énosis, -eos f. (EE)
exceed, to = proúcho + Gen.
explode = anatinásso
explosion = anatinagmós, -oû m.
fascism = fasismós, -oû m.
fascist (subst.) = fasistés, -oû m., fasistría, -as f.
fascist (adj.) = fasistikós, -é, -ón
February = Febrouários, -ou m.
federal = omospondiakós, -é, -ón
film = kinematografikòn érgon, -ou n.
fireman = purosbéstes, -ou m.
football = podósfairon, -ou n.
    f. player = podosfairistés, -oû m.
footballistic = podosfairikós, -é, -ón
forewoman = epimeletrís, -ídos f.
Friday = Paraskeué, -ês f.
fuel = kaúsimon, -ou n.
gas = aérion, -ou n.
    tear-gas = dakrugónon aérion
glacier = pageton, -onos m.
glasses = ommatoguália, -on n. pl.
goal (football) = térma, -atos n.
group = sústasis, -eos f.
gun = pistólion, -ou n.
helicopter = elikópteron, -ou n.
hotel = xenodocheîon, -ou n.
    hotel-keeper = xenodocheús, -éos m.
installation = egkatástasis, -eos f.
international = diethnes, -es
internet = interdíktuon, -ou n.
January = Ianouários, -ou m.
journalist = demosiográfos, -ou m./f.
June = Ioúnios, -ou m.
July = Ioúlios, -ou m.
kilometre = chiliómetron, -ou n.
land, to = prosgeiónomai
laser = láser n. (indecl.)
launch, to = aniemi
launching = aniesis, -eos f.
literary = logotechnikós, -é, -ón
literature = logotechnía, -as f.
lorry = fortegón, -oû n.
machine-gun = oplopolubólon, -ou n.
March = Mártios, -ou m.
marine = epibátes, -ou m.
May = Máios, -ou m.
Mediterranean Sea = Mesogeíos Zálatta, -es f.
meteorite = meteorolíthos, -ou m.
Middle Ages = Mesaion, -onos m.
million = ekatommúrion, -ou n.
minister = upourgós, -oû m./f.
    prime m. = prothupourgós, -oû m./f.
    foreign m. = tôn exoterikôn upourgós
    defense m. = tês amúnes upourgós
ministry = upourgeîon, -ou n.
    m. of defense = upourgeîon amúnes
minute = leptón, -oû n.
missile = púraulos, -ou m.
Monday = Deutéra, -as f.
mosque = mousoulmanikòs naós, -oû m.
Moslem (adj.) = mousoulmanikós, -é, -ón
Moslem (subst.) = mousoulmános, -ou m., mousoulmáne, -es f.
museum = mouseîon, -ou n.
national = ethnikós, -é, -ón
nationalist = ethnikistikós, -é, -ón
nazi = nazistikós, é, ón
newspaper = efemerís, -ídos f.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) = Boreíou Atlantikoû Sumfónou Organismós, -oû (BASO) m.
novel = muthistórema, -atos n.
november = Noémbrios, -ou m.
October = Októbrios, -ou m.
organization = orgánosis, -eos f.
organize = organóo
pacifist = fileirenikós, -é, -ón
participant = metéchon, -ousa, -on (partic.)
party (polit.) = kómma, -atos n.
petroleum = petrélaion, -ou n.
philamerican = filamerikanós, -é, -ón
pilgrim = proskunetés, -oû m.
player = agonistés, -oû m.
point (sport) = bathmós, -oû m.
post = tachudromeîon, -ou n.
pound (currency) = sterlína, -es f.
printing house = ekdotikós, -oû m.
prize = niketérion, -ou n.
product = proïón, -óntos n. (partic.)
profession = epággelma, -atos n.
professional (subst.) = epaggelmatía, -as f., epaggelmatías, -ou m.
professional (adj.) = epaggelmatikós, -é, -ón
propagandistic = propagandistikós, -é, -ón
punctuation = bathmología, -as f.
quartz = chalazías, -ou m.
radio = aktinofonía, -as f.
    r. receiver = aktinófonon, -ou n.
radiophonic = aktinofonikós, -é, -ón
reaction = antidrâsis, -eos f.
religion = threskeía, -as f.
religious = threskeutikós, -é, -ón
resolution = apófasis, -eos f.
reunification = súnapsis, -eos f.
rugby = roûgbi n. (indecl.)
Saturday = Sábbaton, -ou n.
second (time) = deuterólepton, -ou n.
secretary = grammateús, -éos m., grammateîssa, -es f., grammateutris, -idos f.
    S. of State = ufupourgós, -oû m./f.
secular = ekatontaetés, -és
September = Septémbrios, -ou m.
server (computer) = upotaktikòs upologistés, -oû m.
shoot, to (football) = bállo tôi podí
shoot, to (weapon) = puroboléo
shot = purobólesis, -eos f.
short circuit = brachukúkloma, -atos n.
site (in Internet) = thésis, -eos f.
smoke, to = kapnízein
socialism = koinonismós, -oû m.
socialist (subst.) = koinonistés, -oû m., koinonistría, -as f.
socialist (adj.) = koinonistikós, -é, -ón
spokesman = feréfonos, -ou m.
station = stathmós, -oû m.
    broadcasting s. = aktinofonikòs stathmós
stock exchange market = chrematistérion, -ou n.
strike (not working) = apergía, -as f.
    to go on s. = apergéo
striker = apergós, -ón
submarine = upobrúchion, -ou n.
Sunday = Kuriaké, -ês f.
Super Bowl = Uperkratér, -éros m.
take off, to = apogeiónomai
tank (war) = thorakisménon arma, -atos n.
tank (fuel) = dexaméne, -es f.
tap = bruse, -es f.
team = omás, -ádos f.
television = teleórasis, -eos f.
televisive = teleoptikós, -é, -ón
terrorism = tromokratía, -as f.
terrorist (subst.) = tromokrátes, -ou m., tromokrátissa, -es f.
terrorist (adj.) = tromokratikós, -é, -ón
Thursday = Pémpte, -es f.
ton = tónnos, -ou m.
touchdown = katepafé, -ês f.
tourist = tourístes, -ou m.
train = siderodrómos, -ou m.
Tuesday = Tríte, -es f.
underground = upogeîos siderodrómos, -ou m.
unemployed = ánergos, -on
unemployment = anergía, -as f.
United Nations Organization (UNO) = Enoménon Ethnôn Organismós, -oû (HEO) m.
United Sovietic Socialist Republics (USSR) = Énosis Sobietikôn Koinonistikôn Demokratiôn (ESKD) f.
United States of America (USA) = Enoménai Amerikês Politeíai, -ôn (HAP) f. pl.
university (subst.) = panepistémion, -ou n.
university (adj.) = panepistemiakós, -é, -ón
    u. village = panepistemiopólis, -eos f.
volcano = puristakton oros, -ous n.
Washington = Ouásigkton, -ou n.
Wednesday = tetárte, -es f.
week = ebdomás, -ádos f.
world-wide = pagkósmios, -on
writer = suggrafeús, -éos m./f.

Greek-English list

aérion, -ou n. = gas
    dakrugónon a. = tear-gas
aerolimén, -énos m. = airport
aeroporikós, -é, -ón = aerial
aeroskáfos, -ous n. = airplane
    machetikòn a. = combat airplane
aeroskafofóron, -ou n. = aircraft carrier
agonistés, -oû m. = player
aktinofonía, -as f. = radio
aktinofonikós, -é, -ón = radiophonic
aktinófonon, -ou n. = radio receiver
anatinagmós, -oû m. = explosion
anatinásso =explode
anergía, -as f. = unemployment
ánergos, -on = unemployed
aniemi = launch, to
aniesis, -eos f. = launching
antidrâsis, -eos f. = reaction
antiprosbállo = counterattack
antipúraulos, -ou m. = antimissile
antítupon, -ou n. = copy (of a book)
apergéo = to go on strike
apergía, -as f. = strike (not working)
apergós, -ón = striker
apófasis, -eos f. = resolution
apogeiónomai = take off, to
Aprílios, -ou m. = Abril
arma, -atos n.
    thorakisménon a. = tank (war)
árthron, -ou n. = article (in newspaper)
asthenoúchema, -atos n. = ambulance
Aúgoustos, -ou m. = August
autokíneton, -ou n. = car
bállo tôi podí = shoot, to (football)
bathmología, -as f. = punctuation
bathmós, -oû m. = point (sport)
bolís, -ídos f. = bullet
bómba, -es f. = bomb
bombardismós, -oû m. = bombardment
bombardízo = bomb, to
Boreíou Atlantikoû Sumfónou Organismós, -oû (BASO) m. = North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
brachukúkloma, -atos n. = short circuit
bruse, -es f. = tap
chalazías, -ou m. = quartz
chemikós, -é, -ón = chemical
chiliómetron, -ou n. = kilometre
chrematistérion, -ou n. = stock exchange market
Dekémbrios, -ou m. = December
demokrátes, -ou m. = democrat
demokrátissa, -es f. = democrat
demosiográfos, -ou m./f. = journalist
demosiótes, -etos f. = advertisement
Deutéra, -as f. = Monday
deuterólepton, -ou n. = second (time)
dexaméne, -es f. = tank (fuel)
diadelóo = demonstrate, to
diadélosis, -eos f. = demonstration
diadelótes, -ou m. = demonstrator
diadelotría, -as f. = demonstrator
didáktor, -oros m./f. = doctor (Ph.D.)
diethnes, -es = international
diplomátes, -ou m. = diplomat
diplomatía, -as f. = diplomacy
diplomatikós, -é, -ón = diplomatic
diplomatíssa, -es f. = diplomat
dískos, -ou m. = disc
     sumpagès d. = compact disc
ebdomás, -ádos f. = week
efemerís, -ídos f. = newspaper
egkatástasis, -eos f. = installation
ekatommúrion, -ou n. = million
ekatontaetés, -és = secular
ekatontaetía, -as f. = century
ekdotikós, -oû m. = printing house
eklogeîssa, -es f. = elector
eklogeús, -éos m. = elector
elektrikós, -é, -ón =electric
elektrismós, -oû m. =electricity
elikópteron, -ou n. = helicopter
embruon, onos m. = embryon
Enoménai Aperikês Politeíai (HAP) f. = United States of America (USA)
Enoménon Ethnôn Organismós, -oû (HEO) m. = United Nations Organization (UNO)
Énosis Sobietikôn Koinonistikôn Demokratiôn (ESKD) = United Sovietic Socialist Republics (USSR)
epággelma, -atos n. = profession
epaggelmatía, -as f. = professional
epaggelmatías, -ou m. = professional
epaggelmatikós, -é, -ón = professional
epibátes, -ou m. = marine
epicheirematías, -ou m. = businessman
epicheirematíassa, -es f. = businesswoman
epicheíresis, -eos f. =enterprise
epikéntron, -ou n. =epicentre
epikoinonía, -as f. = communication (fact)
epimeletrís, -ídos f. = forewoman
ethnikistikós, -é, -ón = national
ethnikós, -é, -ón = national
Europaía Énosis, -eos f. (EE) = European Union (EU)
fasismós, -oû m. = fascism
fasistés, -oû m. = fascist
fasistikós, -é, -ón = fascist
fasistría, -as f. = fascist
Febrouários, -ou m. = February
feréfonos, -ou m. = spokesman
filamerikanós, -é, -ón = philamerican
fileirenikós, -é, -ón = pacifist
fortegón, -oû n. = lorry
froúrion, -ou n. = castle
grammateîssa, -es f. = secretary
grammateús, -éos m. = secretary
grammateutris, -idos f. = secretary
Ianouários, -ou m. = January
interdíktuon, -ou n. = internet
Ioúlios, -ou m. = July
Ioúnios, -ou m. = June
isofarízo = draw (sport), to
kapnízein = smoke, to
katepafé, -ês f. = touchdown
kathedrikòs naós, -oû m. = cathedral
kaúsimon, -ou n. = fuel
kinematograficós, é, ón = cinema (adj.)
    k. érgon, -ou n. = film
koinonismós, -oû m. = socialism
koinonistés, -oû m. = socialist
koinonistikós, -é, -ón = socialist
koinonistría, -as f. = socialist
koinopoíesis, -eos f. = communication (concept)
kómma, -atos n. = party (polit.)
kommounismós, -oû m. = communism
kommounistés, -oû m. = communist (person)
kommounistikós, -é, -ón = communist (adject.)
kommounistría, -as f. = communist (person)
kratoúmenos, -e, -on (partic.) = detained
kuánion, -ou n. = cyanide
Kuriaké, -ês f. = Sunday
láser n. (indecl.) = laser
leoforeîon, -ou n. = bus
leptón, -oû n. = minute
logotechnía, -as f. = literature
logotechnikós, -é, -ón = literary
Máios, -ou m. = May
Mártios, -ou m. = March
Mesaion, -onos m. = Middle Ages
Mesogeíos Zálatta, -es f. = Mediterranean Sea
metéchon, -ousa, -on (partic.) = participant
meteorolíthos, -ou m. = meteorite
mouseîon, -ou n. = museum
mousoulmáne, -es f. = Moslem
mousoulmanikós, -é, -ón = Moslem
    m. naós, -oû m. = mosque
mousoulmános, -ou m. = Moslem
muthistórema, -atos n. = novel
nazistikós, é, ón =nazi
niketérion, -ou n. = prize
Noémbrios, -ou m. = November
oinopneumatíasis, -eos f. = alcoholism
Októbrios, -ou m. = October
omás, -ádos f. = team
ommatoguália, -on n. pl. = glasses
omospondiakós, -é, -ón = federal
oplopolubólon, -ou n. = machine-gun
organóo = organize
orgánosis, -eos f. = organization
Ouásigkton, -ou n. = Washington
pageton, -onos m. = glacier
panepistemiopólis, -eos f. = university village
pagkósmios, -on = world-wide
panepistemiakós, -é, -ón = university (adj.)
panepistémion, -ou n. = university
Paraskeué, -ês f. = Friday
Pémpte, -es f. = Thursday
petrélaion, -ou n. = petroleum
pistólion, -ou n. = gun
podosfairistés, -oû m. = football player
podosfairikós, -é, -ón = footballistic
podósfairon, -ou n. = football
présbeira, -as f. = ambassador (f.)
proïón, -óntos n. (partic.) = product
propagandistikós, -é, -ón = propagandistic
proponetés, -oû m. = coach (sport)
prosbolé, -ês f. = attempt
prosgeiónomai = land, to
proskunetés, -oû m. = pilgrim
protáthlema, -atos n. = championship
proteúousa, -es f. = capital (city)
prothupourgós, -oû m./f. = prime minister
proúcho = exceed, to
púraulos, -ou m. = missile
puristakton oros, -ous n. = volcano
puroboléo = shoot, to (weapon)
purobólesis, -eos f. = shot
purosbéstes, -ou m. = fireman
roûgbi n. (indecl.) = rugby
Sábbaton, -ou n. = Saturday
Septémbrios, -ou m. = September
siderodrómos, -ou m. = train
Sína, -es f. = China
Sinikós, -é, -ón = Chinese
skenothétes, -ou m. = director (cinema)
stathmós, -oû m. = station
    aktinofonikòs s. = broadcasting station
stauroforia, -as f. = crusade
stauroforos, -a, -on = crusader
sterlína, -es f. = pound (currency)
suggrafeús, -éos m./f. = author, writer
sugkekteménos, -e, -on (partic.) = coproprietor
sugkentróseos stratópedon, -ou n. = concentration field
sullektes, -ou m. = collector
sumbólaion, -ou n. = contract
súnapsis, -eos f. = reunification
sústasis, -eos f. = commando, group
tachudromeîon, -ou n. = post
teleoptikós, -é, -ón = televisive
teleórasis, -eos f. = television
térma, -atos n. = goal (football)
tetárte, -es f. = Wednesday
thésis, -eos f. = site (in Internet)
threskeía, -as f. = religion
threskeuôn, -oûsa, -ón (partic.) = believer
threskeutikós, -é, -ón = religious
tónnos, -ou m. = ton
tourístes, -ou m. = tourist
Tríte, -es f. = Tuesday
tromokrátes, -ou m. = terrorist
tromokratía, -as f. = terrorism
tromokratikós, -é, -ón = terrorist
tromokrátissa, -es f. = terrorist
ufupourgós, -oû m./f. = Secretary of State
Uperkratér, -éros m. = Super Bowl
upobrúchion, -ou n. = submarine
upogeîos siderodrómos, -ou m. = underground
upologistés, -oû m. = computer
    upotaktikòs u. = server (computer)
upologistikós, -é, -ón = computer (adj.)
upourgeîon, -ou n. = ministry
    u. amúnes = ministry of defense
upourgós, -oû m./f. = minister
    tôn exoterikôn u. = foreign minister
    tês amúnes u. = defense minister
xenodocheîon, -ou n. = hotel
xenodocheús, -éos m. = hotel-keeper