Dr Andrew Blaikie
Senior Lecturer in Ophthalmology
Research areas
I am a Senior Lecturer in the Infection and Global Health Division of the School of Medicine at the University of St Andrews and lead for the Digital Diagnostics and Emerging Technologies stream of the Mackenzie Institute for early diagnosis. Through education and research collaborations I am also Honorary Lecturer at the Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia and the University of Rwanda School of Allied Health Sciences. My work as a Primary Eye Care educator has led me me to become a technical advisor for Christian Blind Mission (CBM) Global as well as Tanzaneye NGO based in Western Tanzania. Clinically I work as a part-time Consultant Ophthalmologist in NHS Fife, Scotland with an interest in Paediatrics and Emergency Eye Care.
After studying Medicine at the University of Edinburgh, graudating in 1993, I entered ophthalmology training in NHS Tayside and Fife completing training with a Fellowship in Paediatric Ophthalmology at the Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane with Professor Gole in 2005. During training I took a two-year sabbatical with the University of Edinburgh to develop a support network and notification system for children with visual impairment called ‘VI Scotland’. While a specialist trainee I promoted interdisciplinary working and community based functional vision assessment teams for children with complex needs.
As a Consultant I developed paediatric ophthalmology services in NHS Fife and led the national referral assessment service for children with visual impairment at the Children’s Hospital in Glasgow.
In 2011 I took a further sabbatical period to work as lead paediatric ophthalmologist at CCBRT disability hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Since returning from Tanzania in collaboration with community paediatric colleagues I establsihed a new national Visual Impairment Managed Clinical Network (VINCYP) for Scotland.
While lead ophthalmologist with VINCYP we developed and implemented a tailored visual impairment registration system for children and young people. In April 2018 the Scottish Government adopted the register as the statutory visual impairment system for children.
In 2015 I joined the Infection and Global Health Division at the University of St Andrews and now work in four main areas.
1) Frugal Diagnostic Tools for Low Resource Settings
2) Inter-Professional Primary Eye Care Education
3) Tanzanian Endemic Optic Neuropathy
4) Childhood Cerebral Visual Impairment
Frugal Diagnostic Tools for Low Resource Settings
Working closely with industry and the major eye care NGOs I am the clinical and research lead of a team that develops and evaluates a range of solar powered low cost diagnostic devices for identification of vision and hearing impairment in low and middle-income countries.
Inter-Professional Primary Eye Care Education
To complement implementation of these devices a range of simulation tools and educational packages have been developed and are being implemented and evaluated in several Sub-Saharan African countries.
Tanzanian Endemic Optic Neuropathy
Along with Dr Freddie Burgess we lead an internationally recognsied team that is investigating the causes of TEON, the most common cause of visual impairment amongst youg people in Tanzania. The team’s hypothesis is that lack of exposure to sunlight and a diet dominated solely by carbohydrate in a genetically predisposed population are the major underlying causes of the disease.
Childhood Cerebral Visual Impairment
Through work with the national registration system in Scotland the causes and associations of childhood visual impairment are being identified revealing strong associations with deprivation and maternal drug use. These findings will inform national policy on prevention and habilitation of childhood disability in Scotland and other developed countries.
PhD supervision
- Gatera Fiston Kitema
Selected publications
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Frugal tele-otoscopy for low resource settings – an online evaluation study among ENT specialists
Buhr, R. C., Bahr-Hamm, K., Kousha, O. & Blaikie, A., 12 May 2023, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie. 102Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
Interprofessional ArclightTM eye health workshop: impact on students’ clinical identification and ophthalmic skills
O'Carroll, V., Kousha, O., Kitema, G. F., Sagahutu, J. B., Denys, N., Kayiranga, D., Rujeni, N. & Blaikie, A., 26 Jan 2023, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Journal of Interprofessional Care. Latest Articles, 5 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
The status and outcomes of interprofessional health education in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Kitema, G. F., Laidlaw, A. H., O'Carroll, V., Sagahutu, J. B. & Blaikie, A., 5 Feb 2023, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Journal of Interprofessional Care. Latest Articles, 23 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
Cataract risk stratification and prioritisation protocol in the COVID-19 era
Cheng, K., Anderson, M., Velissaris, S., Moreton, R. B. R., Al-Mansour, A., Sanders, R., Sutherland, S., Wilson, P. & Blaikie, A., 17 Feb 2021, In: BMC Health Services Research. 21, 9 p., 153 .Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
Cataract surgery redesign: meeting increasing demand, training, audit and patient-centered care
Ah-See, K. L., Blaikie, A., Boyle, N., Foulds, J., Wheeldon, C., Wilson, P., Styles, C., Sutherland, S. & Sanders, R., 25 Jan 2021, In: Clinical Ophthalmology. 15, p. 289—297 15 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
Cerebral Visual Impairment on the web: an exploration of an educational web resource as a bridge to public understanding
Ravenscroft, J., St Clair Tracy, H. & Blaikie, A., 15 Sept 2021, In: Frontiers in Communication. 6, 13 p., 727230.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
Comparative evaluation of a low-cost solar powered otoscope with a traditional device among health care workers in Malawi
Balfour, K., McCarthy, A., Hey, S. Y., Kousha, O., Singano, E., Mulwafu, W., Walker, D. F. D. L. & Blaikie, A., Aug 2021, In: Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology. 6, 4, p. 839-843 5 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
Comparative evaluation of a new frugal binocular indirect ophthalmoscope
Kousha, O., Ganesananthan, S., Shahin, B., Ellis, J. & Blaikie, A., 23 Dec 2021, In: Eye. Advance Access, 3 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Open access
Eyecare education in times of COVID-19
Anderson, M., Paust, K. & Blaikie, A., 1 Feb 2021, Eye News , 27, 5 4 p.Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Featured article
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Open access
Frugal retinal laser training simulation eyes
Kousha, O., Staniszewski, B., Ulloa, J. L., Tarafdar, S., Ellis, J. & Blaikie, A., 11 Jun 2021, In: Eye. 2 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Letter › peer-review