The group have built a number of quasi-optical instruments for frequencies reaching up to 300GHz and above. These have included two designs which have been awarded National metrology prizes by the National Physical Laboratory.
We specialise in developing entirely novel systems either to perform measurements which were previously thought impossible, or to build instruments whose performance exceeds that of any competing system by at least two orders of magnitude.

Recent systems have included:
- A 70 - 350 GHz complex impedance bridge for the NPL.
- A 70 - 350 GHz FM sideband noise measurement system for the NPL.
- A 70 - 150 GHz automatic measurement system for ferrite materials.
- A set of receivers covering from below 1GHz to above 90 GHz
We design all of our own quasi-optical components which include:
By using Gaussian Mode methods and our own system design techniques we are produce quasi-optical circuits which can provide any required signal processing function.
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University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland.